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    13. Search operation table

    Search operation table

    The table below provides syntax of all elements allowed in text search queries. See also Query language specification, Search flow.

    ElementSyntaxDescriptionExamples
    Parentheses( inner-query )Parentheses are used to specify order of operations.
    • term1 | (term2 & term3)
    • ("total expenses" | "total costs") & (82000 ~~ 83000
    Field specifierfield-name : inner-queryField specifier is used to specify field name.
    • content : term
    • creationdate : (2010 ~~ 2013)
    • filename : report & creationdate : 2009
    Exact phrase query specifier" exact-phrase-query "Exact phrase query specifier is used to specify phrase for phrase search.
    • "term1 term2 term3"
    • "computational complexity theory"
    • "formal language" AND harrison
    And operationleft-query & right-query
    left-query AND right-query    		And operation is used to find documents that contain both left query and right query.
    • term1 & term2
    • term1 AND term2
    • computational & complexity
    Or operationleft-query | right-query
    left-query || right-query
    left-query OR right-query    		Or operation is used to find documents that contain left query, or right query, or both.
    • term1 | term2
    • term1 || term2
    • term1 OR term2
    • "cumulative distribution function" OR "cumulative density function"
    Not operation! inner-query
    NOT inner-query    		Not operation is used to find all documents which do not contain inner query.
    • ! term
    • NOT term
    • author : (Cardano AND NOT Gerolamo)
    Macro name specifier@macro-nameMacro name specifier is used to specify name of macro within search query that will be replaced with the body of the macro before parsing the query.
    • @query_macro
    • @macro1 & @macro2
    Regular expression specifier^regular-expressionRegular expression specifier is used to specify query that is regular expression.
    • ^^[0-9]{1,5}$
    Numeric range specifierstart-number ~~ end-numberNumeric range specifier is used to specify range for numeric range search.
    • 13 ~~ 42
    • 10000000000 ~~ 100000000000
    Date range specifierdaterange( start-date ~~ end-date)
    where start-date and end-date are dates in the format 'yyyy-MM-dd'.    		Date range specifier is used to specify range for date range search.
    • daterange(2017-09-28 ~~ 2017-11-11)
    Wildcard (since v.18.12)? - wildcard character,
    ?(N~M) - wildcard character range,
    *N - wildcard word,
    *N~~M - wildcard word range,
    where N and M are in the range from 0 to 255.    		Wildcard characters and wildcard words are used to search for words with unknown characters and phrases with unknown words, respectively.
    • ?ffect - for 'affect', 'effect'
    • princip?(2~4) - for 'principal', 'principle', 'principles', 'principally'
    • ?(0~2)sure - for 'assure', 'ensure', 'sure'
    • "\"First law *1 thermodynamics\"" - for 'First law of thermodynamics'
    • "\"Frodo *1~~5 Pippin\"" - for 'Frodo spoke to Pippin', 'Frodo stripped the blankets from Pippin'
    Escape sequence (since v.19.2)\N
    where N can be one of
    ( ) : " & | ! ^ ~ * ? \
    - or -
    s (for space character)
    - or -
    uhhhh
    where h is hexadecimal digit (for any Unicode character)    		The escape sequence allows a special character to be used in a query as it is. Note that an escaped character must be represented in Alphabet in order for it to be indexed as a valid character (not as Separator).
    • \& - escaping & character
    • \~ - escaping ~ character
    • \s - escaping space character
    • \u0026 - escaping & character (Unicode code)
    • R\&B - searching for ‘R&B’ as a whole word (& character must have an appropriate type in Alphabet before indexing)

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